彩色多普勒超声心动图在老年动脉导管未闭封堵术中的价值

目的探讨彩色多普勒超声心动图(CDE)在老年动脉导管未闭(PDA)封堵术中的价值。方法封堵术前应用CDE筛选25例老年PDA适应证,彩色多普勒血流显像(CDFI)分流束血流信号估测PDA肺动脉端直径,与心血管造影对照,经统计学相关处理判断其正确性;连续波多普勒(CW)测量三尖瓣最大反流速度峰值,根据简化伯努利方程ΔP=4V2估算跨三尖瓣压力阶差,再加上右心房固有压力估测肺动脉压力,与心导管对照,经统计学相关处理判断其正确性;所有患者均行封堵术介入治疗,封堵术后再应用CDE判断封堵术疗效。结果根据CDE特征筛选25例老年PDA实施封堵术全部获得成功,封堵术后CDE判断疗效满意。CDFI测量分流束血流信号估测PDA肺动脉端直径与心血管造影对照,呈正相关(r=0.71,P<0.001);CW估测肺动脉压力与心导管对照,呈正相关(r=0.63,P<0.001)。结论CDE在老年PDA封堵术中具有重要价值,封堵术前筛选适应证应用CDFI估测PDA肺动脉端直径和应用CW估测肺动脉压力是关键,封堵术后判断疗效应用CDFI观察有无过PDA残余分流很重要。     

漂浮疗法对大学生免疫功能的影响

目的:采用淋巴细胞转化率为指标研究漂浮疗法对个体免疫功能的影响。方法:以淋巴细胞转化率作为免疫功能变化指标。被试为43名大学生(男22名,女21名),年龄18～24岁。被试随机分为4组,其中前3组均采用漂浮疗法,但具体过程略有不同。第1组:漂浮,播放漂浮治疗专用音乐;第2组:漂浮,通过内部通讯系统进行放松指导;第3组:漂浮,无任何听觉刺激;第4组为对照组。每人完成4次治疗。结果:各组被试治疗前的淋巴细胞转化率没有显著性差异(F=0.733P=0.539)。采用漂浮治疗的各组中,只有第3组淋巴细胞转化率在治疗前后有显著性差异犤(91.7±4.2)%vs(84.8±7.2)%犦,而对照组治疗前后该项检查的结果也有显著性差异犤(93.0±2.8)%vs(89.3±4.2)%犦。第3组被试治疗前后淋巴细胞转化率变化显著大于第2组被试(t=2.168,P=0.043)。男女被试的淋巴细胞转化率在治疗前分别为87.68%和86.95%,两者没有显著性差异(t=0.314,P=0.755)。男女被试的淋巴细胞转化率在治疗前后的变化没有显著性差异(t=0.503P=0.620)。结论:漂浮疗法的确可以提高被试的细胞免疫功能,但是漂浮治疗中使用额外的听觉刺激可能会影响到改善免疫力的作用。性别对于淋巴细胞转化率变化没有显著影响。该研究的结果在应用于临床前,尚需要进一步研究。     

Ganglioneuroblastic Transformation in Olfactory Neuroblastoma

Ganglioneuroblastic transformation in olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB) is an exceptionally rare phenomenon. We document the case of a patient with a poorly differentiated sinonasal malignancy that recurred following treatment with chemoradiotherapy and showed ganglioneuroblastic transformation. Although the index tumour showed neuroendocrine differentiation, it did not have the typical clinico-pathological features associated with ONB. We highlight the diagnostic difficulties in establishing an accurate diagnosis for undifferentiated sinonasal tumours and present evidence that the index tumour was an ONB. The current report is only the third case of ONB showing complete ganglioneuroblastic transformation.     

Anaplastic and meningothelial meningiomas in a single tumor: A “dedifferentiated meningioma”?

The patient was a 74‐year‐old man, who developed progressive cognitive impairment and gait instability. Neuroradiological examination demonstrated a large and predominantly extra‐axial tumor spreading over the bilateral frontal base, indicative of olfactory groove meningioma. The greater part of the resected tumor consisted of a dense, patternless proliferation of large, round or polygonal cells, and compactly fascicular growth of spindle cells. Tumor cells showed markedly anaplastic cytological features. In small areas of the tumor, a typical meningothelial meningioma showing no cellular atypism was found. Both tumor components were closely juxtaposed and no pathological features of an intermediate grade (atypical meningioma) were noted. Shortly after the operation, the patient developed a local recurrence of the tumor and multiple metastases to the cerebrum, bone and skin. Anaplastic meningioma is a rare, highly malignant neoplasm which arises de novo or as a result of the progressive transformation of a low‐grade meningioma. The coexistence of anaplastic and low‐grade components in a single meningeal tumor has been rarely reported. This dimorphic appearance is reminiscent of “dedifferentiation”, a phenomenon infrequently seen in various mesenchymal and salivary gland neoplasms. We think that the term “dedifferentiated meningioma” can be appropriately applied to tumors such as that reported herein.     

中青年隐源性脑梗死合并卵圆孔未闭患者临床及影像特点分析

目的探讨中青年隐源性脑梗死(cryptogenic cerebral infarction,CCI)合并卵圆孔未闭(patent foramen ovale,PFO)患者临床及磁共振成像(magnetic resonance imaging,MRI)特点。方法选取27例18~55岁CCI患者为研究对象,收集其临床资料,采用心脏MRI检测其PFO存在情况,根据结果分为PFO组和非PFO组,对比两组间的临床资料及MRI影像特点差异。结果 27例中青年CCI患者中PFO阳性者13例(48.15%),阴性者14例(51.85%),PFO阳性者房间隔处均可见不同程度的局限性缺损及动态血流信号。PFO组患者具有较低的高血压、高血脂、糖尿病、冠心病病史及颈动脉斑块、脑动脉狭窄阳性构成比,其脑梗死家族史、高同型半胱氨酸血症阳性构成比较高,MRI示其脑梗死病灶主要分布于前循环,以单血供区、﹤2 cm的单发小穿支梗死为主,但两组间各临床资料及梗死灶分布差异均无明显统计学意义(P均0.05)。结论中青年CCI合并PFO发生率较高,多无典型的临床及梗死灶影像分布特征,心脏MRI技术可以作为其检测手段之一。     

加强重点学科建设 推动医院转型升级

本文着眼新形势新任务,以重点学科建设为主要抓手,通过更新发展观念、优化平台建设、打造特色技术、配强人才团队等有力措施,对医院重点学科实施分层分类的目标引导管理,带动医院学科建设整体发展,有力推动医院转型升级.     

角巩膜缘切口在超声乳化白内障手术转型中的应用

目的:探讨角巩膜缘切口在小切口向超声乳化白内障手术转型中的应用.方法:选取我院在2012-02/2013-02接受手术的200例200眼白内障患者,行角巩膜缘切口超声乳化手术,术中如遇不安全因素即改为SICS+IOL术,手术均顺利完成.结果:顺利实施超声乳化白内障手术者共172眼(86％),28眼(14％)改为角巩膜缘切口SICS+IOL术,术后视力≥0.5者176眼(88％),0.1～0.4者22眼(11％),0.1以下者2眼(1％).术后均无严重并发症.结论:在小切口转型超声乳化白内障手术初期时,运用角巩膜缘切口能提高手术的可操作性和安全性,是具有小切口白内障手术经验眼科医生很好的选择方式.     

HSP60 overexpression increases the protein levels of the p110α subunit of phosphoinositide 3‐kinase and c‐Myc

Heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) is a chaperone protein which plays an essential role in facilitating the folding of many newly synthesized proteins to reach their native forms. Increased HSP60 expression is observed in various types of human cancers. However, proteins induced by HSP60 to mediate transformation remain largely unknown. Here we show that HSP60 overexpression increases the protein levels of the p110α subunit of phosphoinositide 3‐kinase (PI3K). The amino acid domain 288‐383 of HSP60 is used to increase the protein levels. Overexpression of HSP60 also induces the levels of phosphorylated Akt. In addition, the amino acid domain 288‐383 of HSP60 is used to induce c‐Myc expression. Finally, a mono‐ubiquitinated form of β‐catenin has a higher activity to activate β‐catenin downstream targets compared to wild‐type β‐catenin. These results indicate that HSP60 overexpression induces the levels or activity of multiple oncogenic proteins to mediate transformation.     

合肥市蜀山区0~12个月婴儿先天性心脏异常筛查分析

目的：分析合肥市蜀山区0~12个月婴儿先天性心脏异常发生状况。方法利用心脏彩色超声心动图对蜀山区4138名0~12个月婴儿进行筛查。结果4138名婴儿中,心脏异常婴儿642名,异常率为15．5%,男、女婴异常率差异无统计学意义(χ2=0．592, P>0．05);0~12个月婴儿心脏异常率随着月龄的增加逐渐降低,差异有统计学意义(χ2趋势=120．593,P<0．05)。婴儿心脏异常中,卵圆孔未闭最多,构成比为83．3%,其次为房间隔缺损,构成比为5．8%,第三为室间隔缺损,构成比为3．3%。结论防治先天性心脏异常,应从新生儿甚至胎儿抓起,实现早发现、早诊断、早治疗。     

心房颤动与急性缺血性卒中静脉溶栓致出血转化的相关性及危险因素分析

目的探讨心房颤动与急性缺血性卒中重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂(rt-PA)静脉溶栓致出血转化的相关性,分析房颤患者溶栓后出血转化的危险因素。方法回顾性分析接受rt-PA静脉溶栓治疗的147例急性缺血性卒中患者,将入选病例分为非房颤组与房颤组,比较两组患者溶栓后出血转化(HT)的差异,采用单因素和logistic回归分析房颤患者溶栓后出血转化的危险因素。结果 147例入组患者中房颤患者66例,非房颤患者81例,房颤组HT与非房颤组比较差异有统计学意义[27.27%(18/66)与14.81%(12/81),χ2=3.071,P=0.028],房颤组症状性HT与非房颤组比较差异亦有统计学意义[12.12%(8/66)与3.70%(3/81),χ2=3.798,P=0.015],logistic回归分析表明伴发房颤的患者基线收缩压高(OR=11.285,95%CI 1.576-68.377,P=0.035)、基线NIHSS评分较高(OR=2.608,95%CI 1.072-4.380,P=0.013)、早期头部CT有缺血改变(OR=1.595,95%CI 1.164-3.258,P=0.023)、起病-溶栓时间(OTT)较长(OR=93.114,95%CI 7.385-177.972,P=0.006)、溶栓24h内血压变异性大(收缩压变异性OR=18.638,95%CI 1.433-65.634,P=0.004;舒张压变异性OR=21.449,95%CI 1.528-56.420,P=0.003)与溶栓后发生HT显著相关。结论房颤与静脉溶栓后HT具有相关性。基线收缩压高、基线NIHSS评分较高、早期头部CT有缺血改变、OTT较长、溶栓24h内血压变异性大是房颤患者静脉溶栓后发生HT的危险因素。